October 17-20, 2001

The Westin Convention Center Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Location:
Banff Centre for Conferences (located in the Banff National Park) 107 Tunnel Mountain Drive, Box 1020, Stn. 11, Banff, Alberta, Canada T0L 0C0, Phone: 403 762-6204; FAX: 403 762-6388.

Genome and Hormones: An Integrative Approach to Gender Differences in Physiology

APS Council

The Conference Organizers and The American Physiological Society gratefully recognize the
financial support provided through unrestricted educational grants from:

National Institutes of Health—National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Mayo Foundation
Wyeth-Ayerst Pharmaceuticals
Glaxo Wellcome
Eli Lilly and Company
Pfizer, Inc.
Merck Research Laboratories
Abbott Laboratories
Magee-Women's Health Corporation
Servier International
Galileo Laboratories

PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS

Welcome and Opening Remarks

Thurs. 8:00-8:15 AM — Allegheny Ballroom I

Virginia M. Miller, Chair, Organizing Committee

Keynote lecture

1.0    Gender Based Biology

Thurs., 8:15-9:00 AMCAllegheny Ballroom I

Speaker: Florence Haseltine. NICHD, NIH.

Symposium

2.0    Genetic Control I

Thurs., 9:00-11:05 AM — Allegheny Ballroom I

Chair: Julie Deloia

9:00    2.1      Introduction. Julie Deloia. Magee Women's Res. Inst.

9:15    2.2      Sex-Based Differences in Gene Transmission Gene Expression. Harry Ostrer. New York Univ.

9:45    Break

10:05  2.3      Genetic Variation in Response to Gonadal Hormones. Jimmy L. Spearow. Univ. of California, Davis.

10:35  2.4      Sex, Genetic Polymorphism and Steroid Metabolism. Richard M. Weinshilboum. Mayo Med. Sch.

Symposium

3.0    Genetic Control II

Thurs., 1:00-3:00 PM — Allegheny Ballroom I

Chair: Julie Deloia

1:00    3.1      The New Paradigm in Estrogen Signaling: The Yin-Yang Interplay between ERa and ERb Jan-Ake Gustafsson. Karoliinska Inst.

1:30    3.2      Estrogen Receptor Polymorphism, Estrogens and Bone. Hans van Leeuwen. Erasmus Med. Ctr., Rotterdam.

2:00    3.3      Cellular Localization and Functions of Plasma Membrane Estrogen Receptors. Ellis Levin. Long Beach VA Med. Ctr.

2:30    3.4      Overview of Androgen Actions: Receptors, Transport and Metabolism. Donald J. Tindall. Mayo Clinic and Fndn.

Posters

4.0    Genetic Control

Posters on display Thursday and Friday, 8:00 AM-5:30 PM. Authors present posters on Thursday 3:00-5:30 PM. The poster board number is listed to the left of the program number.

Board #

1          4.1    Cloning the regulator of sex-limitation gene. C.J. Krebs, R. Price, B. Renner, and D.M. Robins. Univ. of Michigan Med. Sch.

2          4.2    Gender differences in hepatic gene expression in response to chronic ethanol exposure. P.K. Eagon, M.S. Elm, H.S. Li, G.J. VanLonden, D.C. Whitcomb, and S.D. Tadic. VA Med. Ctr., Pittsburgh and Univ. of Pittsburgh.

3          4.3    Myocardial gene expression in ovariectomized rats with and without estrogen replacement. A.A. Knowlton and K.L. Hamilton. Baylor Col. of Med. and VA Med. Ctr., Houston.

4          4.4    The expression of HoxA11 gene in primary endometrial stromal cell cultures: modulation by trimegestone compared to progesterone. M. Wahab, F. Al-Azzawi, H. Pringle, and J. Thompson. Univ. of Leicester, UK.

5          4.5    Estrogen attenuates hypoxic induction of erythropoietin gene expression. H. Mukundan, T.C. Resta, and N.L. Kanagy. Univ. of New Mexico.

6          4.6    Estrogen regulation of gene expression in resistance blood vessels. M.C. Rodrigo and K.M. Eyster. Univ. of South Dakota.

7          4.7    C-DNA modulates human breast epithelial cell proliferation, cell cycle and oncogenic profile. A.A. Hakim. Kankakee, IL.

Posters

5.0    Hormone Receptors/ Mechanism of Action

Posters on display Thursday and Friday, 8:00 AM-5:30 PM. Authors present posters on Thursday 3:00-5:30 PM. The poster board number is listed to the left of the program number.

Board #

8          5.1    Neuronal estrogen receptor targeting suggests potential mechanisms of estrogen neuroprotection.  M.M. Wang, S. Pin, R.J. Traystman, and P.D. Hurn. Johns Hopkins Univ.

9          5.2    Estrogen protects ischemic brain of ERbα and ERaβ-knockout mice.  L.D. McCullough, N. Sugo, N.J. Alkayed, K.K. Blizzard, K. Korach, and P.D. Hurn. Johns Hopkins Sch. of Med. and NIES.

10       5.3    Estrogen receptor-α in rat cerebral blood vessels. C. Stirone, S.P. Duckles and D.N. Krause. Univ of California, Irvine.

11       5.4    Gender-specific rapid non-genomic effects of 17β-estradiol on PKA, [Ca²⁺]_i, pH_i and Cl^- secretion in female rat distal colon.  C.M. Doolan, S.B. Condliffe, C. Renard, and B.J. Harvey. Univ. College Cork, Ireland.

12       5.5    Binding of 17ß-estradiol to the estrogen receptor induces MAP kinase activation in both the male and female rat distal colon. V. Healy, M.B. O'Shea, C.M. Doolan, and B.J. Harvey. Univ. College Cork, Ireland.

13       5.6    Regulation of the expression of type 2A protein phosphate in the rat ovary. M.V. Sheth and K.M. Eyster. Univ. of South Dakota.

14       5.7    Gender differences paradigm: differences in the activities of Ras-GTP binding protein and Akt but not Capase-3 in kidneys of adult and aging rats. J.C. Passmore, V.V. Parekh, J.N. Dholakia, L.A. Wills-Frank, J.C. Falcone, and I.G. Joshua. Univ. of Louisville Sch. of Med.

15       5.8    Estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities of substituted naringenins. G. Vollmer and O. Zierau. Tech. Univ. Dresden.

16       5.9    Biologically active estrogen in the boar. V.K. Ganjam, J.A. Taylor, B.M. Judy, M.H. Laughlin, and W.V. Welshons. Univ. of Missouri, Columbia.

17       5.10    Estrogen receptor distribution in male frogs. S. Houston, R. Foster, V.H. Huxley, and D.O. Bates. Univ. of Missouri, Columbia and Univ. of Bristol, UK.

Posters

6.0    Neurological Effects/ Neuronal Development

Posters on display Thursday and Friday, 8:00 AM-5:30 PM. Authors present posters on Thursday 3:00-5:30 PM. The poster board number is listed to the left of the program number.

Board #

18       6.1    Sex differences in neuronal damage induced by excitatory GABA in the developing rat hippocampus. J.L. Nuñez, J.J. Alt, and M.M. McCarthy. Univ. of Maryland, Baltimore.

19       6.2    Estradiol potentiates hippocampal cell death induced by excitatory GABA. M.M. McCarthy, J.J. Alt, and J.L. Nuñez. Univ. of Maryland, Baltimore.

20       6.3    Influences of estradiol and testosterone on bicuculline seizure thresholds and hippocampal physiology in rats. M.A. Wilson, S.D. Primeaux, M.D. Smith, and L.S. Jones. Univ. of South Carolina Sch. of Med., Columbia.

21       6.4    Opposing effect of GABA on phosphorylation of CREB in males and females is developmentally regulated and dependent on L-type caldium channels. T.S. Perrot-Sinal, A.P. Auger, and M.M. McCarthy. Univ. of Maryland, Baltimore.

22       6.5    Gender differences observed in preschoolers' emerging neural networks for language. H.W. Hanlon. Virginia Polytech. and State Univ.

Posters

7.0    Peripheral Autonomic Responses

Posters on display Thursday and Friday, 8:00 AM-5:30 PM. Authors present posters on Thursday 3:00-5:30 PM. The poster board number is listed to the left of the program number.

Board #

23       7.1    Gender differences in vagally-mediated hormonal and gastric responses. K.L. Teff. Monell Chem. Senses Ctr. and Univ. of Pennsylvania Hlth. Ctr., Philadelphia.

24       7.2    Gender affects age-dependent phrenic and hypoglossal responses to hypoxia in rats. A.G. Zabka, M. Behan, and G.S. Mitchell. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison.

25       7.3    Baroreflex heart rate responses in female estrogen receptor-alpha knockout mice. J. Pamidimukkala, D. Lubahn, and M. Hay. Univ. of Missouri, Columbia.

26       7.4    Localization of aromatase P450 in the superior cervical ganglion of neonatal male rats. C. Chiappini-Williamson and R.L. Salisbury. Univ. of Akron.

Posters

8.0    Behavior

Posters on display Thursday and Friday, 8:00 AM-5:30 PM. Authors present posters on Thursday 3:00-5:30 PM. The poster board number is listed to the left of the program number.Board #

27       8.1    Estrogen and progesterone differentially modulate nucleus accumbens dopamine: genomic effects on avoidance learning and memory. L.E. Young and L.C. Benjamin. Univ. of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.

28       8.2    Differential sex effects on exploratory behavior in young mice following selective monoamine depletion. C. Goodrich and V. Robinson. Cleveland State Univ.

29       8.3    Sex differences in brain monoamines and aggression. J. Toot, G. Dunphy, and D. Ely. Univ. of Akron.

30       8.4    Estradiol increases sodium intake in female normotensive and hypertensive rats. D. Ely, E. Kensicki, G. Dunphy and A. Milsted. Univ. of Akron.

31       8.5    Sex differences in stress responses, but not the anxiety-reducing actions of benzodiazepines or ethanol in rats. P.R. Burghardt, S.D. Primeaux, H.S. Stock, K. Ford, T. Jackson, and M.A. Wilson. Univ. of South Carolina Sch. of Med., Columbia.

Posters

9.0    Cardiovascular Effects/Cerebral Circulation

Posters on display Thursday and Friday, 8:00 AM-5:30 PM. Authors present posters on Thursday 3:00-5:30 PM. The poster board number is listed to the left of the program number.

Board #

32       9.1    Sex and menstrual cycle phase differences in cocaine-induced cerebral vasoconstriction. M.J. Kaufman, J.M. Levin, L.C. Maas, T.J. Kukes, R.A. Villafuerte, K. Dostal, S.E. Lukas, J.H. Mendelson, B.M. Cohen, and P.F. Renshaw. McLean Hosp., Belmont, MA and Harvard Med. Sch., Belmont, MA.

33       9.2    The neuroprotective effect of estrogen against ischemia is lost during chronic hyperglycemic conditions. R.A. Santizo, H. Xu, S. Ye, S. Anderson, and D.A. Pelligrino. Univ. of Illinois, Chicago.

34       9.3    Progesterone treatment during reperfusion, not ischemia alone, is needed for neuroprotection. S.J. Murphy, R.J. Traystman, and P.D. Hurn. Johns Hopkins Med. Inst.

35       9.4    Chronic estrogen exposure augments prostacyclin, but does not affect thromboxane, synthesis in the rat cerebral circulation. J.A. Ospina, D.N. Krause, and S.P. Duckles. Univ. of California, Irvine.

36       9.5    Endothelial calcium does not account for the attenuation of EDHF in the female cerebrovasculature.  E.M. Golding. Baylor Col. of Med.

37       9.6    Effects of female sex steroid hormones on [MG²⁺]_i in primary cultured canine cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells. H. Zhang. Lu Tian Qu. ShengLi Kuang Hosp., FuShun City, PRC.

Posters

10.0 Cardiac Muscle/Coronary Circulation

Posters on display Thursday and Friday, 8:00 AM-5:30 PM. Authors present posters on Thursday 3:00-5:30 PM. The poster board number is listed to the left of the program number.Board #

38       10.1  Sex-dependent and regional differences in myocardial function. J.D. Ross, W.R. Law, and D.W. Schwartz. Univ. of Illinois, Chicago

39       10.2  Testosterone influences the phenotype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a sex dependent fashion in a transgenic mouse model. B.L. Stauffer, R.L. Moore, and L.A. Leinwand. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder.

40       10.3  Effects of 17b-estradiol, tamoxifen, and geldanamycin on HSP72 accumulation in isolated cardiac myocytes from female rats.  K.L. Hamilton and A.A. Knowlton. Baylor Col. of Med. and VA Med. Ctr., Houston.

41       10.4  Gender differences in the expression of heat shock proteins: the effects of estrogen. M.R. Rath, J. Stallone, M. Lin, P. Kneufermann, and A.A. Knowlton. Baylor Col. of Med., VA Med. Ctr., Houston and Texas A&M Univ.

42       10.5  Coronary arteriolar permeability to proteins: roles of gender and training. V.H. Huxley. Univ. of Missouri Sch. of Med., Columbia

43       10.6  Nomegestrol acetate versus medroxyprogesterone acetate actions on coronary artery reactivity in surgically menopausal monkeys treated with estrogen. R.K. Hermsmeyer, F.Z. Stanczyk, D. Pavcnik, G.D. Giraud, S.T. Kelley, M.K. Axthelm, R. Delansorne, and J. Paris. Oregon Reg. Primate Res. Ctr., Oregon Hlth. Sci. Univ., Beaverton and Laboratoire Théramex, Monaco.

44       10.7  Non-genomic mechanisms of progesterone vasodilator actions on primate coronary arteries. D.L. Browne, R.D. Minshall, D. Pavcnik, and K. Hermsmeyer. Oregon Reg. Primate Res. Ctr., Oregon Hlth Sci Univ. and Dimera LLC, Portland.

45       10.8  Impaired endothelium dependent relaxation of coronary arteries following exposure to O2^- is prevented by direct overnight treatment with 1 nM b-estradiol.  D.R. Bell, K. Gochenauer, and J. Hecht. Indiana Univ. Sch. of Med., Ft. Wayne.

46       10.9  Physiological level of estrogen inhibits Ca²⁺-sensitization of coronary artery contraction. M.C. Gong, W. Su, and Z. Guo. Univ. of Kentucky Med. Ctr.

47       10.10  Gender determines coronary L-type Ca²⁺ current and adaptation to exercise training in minature swine. D.K. Bowles. Univ. of Missouri, Columbia.

48       10.11  Effect of gender, exercise training and hyperlipidemia on coronary smooth muscle potassium currents. Y. Yang, A.W. Jones, and L.J. Rubin. Univ. of Missouri, Columbia.

Posters

11.0 Peripheral Vasculature/ Endothelium/Platelets

Posters on display Thursday and Friday, 8:00 AM-5:30 PM. Authors present posters on Thursday 3:00-5:30 PM. The poster board number is listed to the left of the program number.

Board #

49       11.1  Gender and menopause contribute to differences in endothelium-dependent vasodilation in human arterioles. A. Sato, H. Miura, Y. Liu, L.B. Somberg, W.J. Schulte, L.M. Eberhardt, I. Sakuma, and D.D. Gutterman. VA Med. Ctr., Milwaukee, Med. Col. of Wisconsin and Hokkaido Univ. Sch. of Med., Sapporo.

50       11.2  17b estradiol has a rapid, endothelium dependent, vasodilatory effect that is inhibited by homocysteine.  R.G.V. Smolders, M.J. van der Mooren, C.D.A. Stehouwer, P. Kenemans, and P. Sipkema. Vrije Univ. Med. Ctr., Amsterdam.

51       11.3  Sex, hormonal status and venous tone. D.A. Lewis, K.S. Rud, and V.M. Miller. Mayo Clinic.

52       11.4  Hormone replacement and function of veins. M. Avsar and V.M. Miller. Mayo Clinic and Foundation.

53       11.5  Enhanced vasoconstrictor reactivity and vascular smooth muscle depolarized following chronic hypoxia in female rats. R.J. Gonzales and B.R. Walker. Univ. of New Mexico Hlth. Sci. Ctr.

54       11.6  Regulation of vascular muscle thromboxane A₂ receptors by progesterone and dihydrotestosterone. R.D. Minshall, P.V. Halushka, and R.K. Hermsmeyer. Oregon Reg. Primate Res. Ctr and Dimera LLC, Portland, OR.

55       11.7  Effects of estrogen depletion and repletion on platelet biology. M.T. Littleton-Kearney, A. Rebel, A.M. Jones and P.D. Hurn. Johns Hopkins Med. Inst., Baltimore.

56       11.8  Expression of functional factors in human platelets do not vary by sex. M. Jayachandran, X. Zhou, and V.M. Miller. Mayo Clinic.

57       11.9  Ovariectomy, platelet-derived growth factors and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle. M.P. Bracamonte, K.S. Rud, and V.M. Miller. Mayo Clinic.

Posters

12.0 Immunological Effects

Posters on display Thursday and Friday, 8:00 AM-5:30 PM. Authors present posters on Thursday 3:00-5:30 PM. The poster board number is listed to the left of the program number.

Board #

58       12.1  Relationship between peripheral leukocytosis and atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice deprived of estrogen. U. Orlinska, M.M. Marsh, and C.L. Banka. Scripps Res. Inst. And La Jolla Inst. for Molec. Med., San Diego.

59       12.2  Enahnced female donor CD4+ T cell engraftment in chronic GVHD is due to sex specific prolongation of CD4+ T cell proliferative response. T.J. Lang and C.S. Via. Univ. of Maryland Sch. of Med. and VA Med. Ctr., Baltimore.

60       12.3  Sex differences in hantavirus infection: interactions among hormones, genes, and immunity. S.L. Klein, A.L. Scott, and G.E. Glass. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch. of Pub. Hlth.

61       12.4  Gender dimorphic immune responses following trauma-hemorrhage: marked differences in T lymphocyte sex steroid metabolism. T.S.A. Samy, R. Zheng, K.I. Bland, and I.H. Chaudry. Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham.

62       12.5  Evidence for gender-specific effects on the transmission of HLA susceptibility alleles to patients with Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis as well as type 1 diatebes mellitus. K. Badenhoop, M.A. Pani, M. Segni, T. Siegmund, J. Ramser, and A. Meindl. Univ. La Sapienza, Rome, Children's Hosp, Munich, and Univ. of Munich.

63       12.6  Androgen receptor does not play a role in the thymic response to estradiol. J.H. Mills, Z-W. Lai, N.C. Fiore, E. Rissman, and A.E. Silverstone. SUNY Upstate Med. Univ., Syracuse and Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville.

64       12.7  Estrogen modulates thymic development by affecting cellcycle through signaling in hemopoietic cells. A.E. Silverstone, Z-W. Lai, N.C. Fiore, and J.E. Staples. SUNY Upstate Med. Univ., Syracuse.

65       12.8  Bacterial lipopolysacharide's potency to produce illness anorexia is modulated by the ovarian cycle in rats. N. Geary and J. Sheahan. Weill Med. Col. of Cornell Univ., White Plains, NY.

Posters

13.0 Clinical Issues

Posters on display Thursday and Friday, 8:00 AM-5:30 PM. Authors present posters on Thursday 3:00-5:30 PM. The poster board number is listed to the left of the program number.

Board #

66       13.1  Gender differences in respiratory response to exercise and hypoxia. M. Seebauer, M-A. Sidler, and J. Kohl. Univ. of Zurich.

67       13.2  DHEA/DHEAS responses to strength training in men and women: influence of a polymorphic marker in the X-linked steroid sulfatase gene. S.E. Riechman, T.J. Fabian, P.D. Kroboth, S.M. Roth, and R.E. Ferrell. Univ. of Pittsburgh.

68       13.3  Skeletal muscle and skin lymph flow during exercise in males and females. R. Kivelä, T. Parviainen, V. Vihko, and E. Havas. LIKES-Res. Ctr., Jyväskylä, Univ. of  Jyväskylä, and Central Hosp. of Central Finland,  Jyväskylä.

69       13.4  Effects of gender on contractile properties and myosin isoforms at the skeletal muscle cell level in young, old and oldest old humans. F. Yu and L. Larsson. Pennsylvania State Univ., Univ. Park.

70       13.5  Effects of gonadectomy on renal renin gene expression in male and female WKY and SHR/y rats. A. Milsted, M.C. Marcelo, T.J. Pesarchick, M.E. Turner, and D.L. Ely. Univ. of Akron.

71       13.6  Gender differences in isoprostanes in spontaneously hypertensive rats. L.A. Fortepiani, H. Zhang, L.J. Roberts II, and J.F. Reckelhoff. Univ. of Mississippi Med. Ctr.

72       13.7  2-Hydroxyestradiol attenuates the development of obesity, the metabolic syndrome and vascular and renal dysfunction in obese ZSF1 rats. E.K. Jackson, R.K. Dubey, and S.P. Tofovic. Univ. of Pittsburgh.

73       13.8  Effect of NOS inhibition on volume receptor activity and renal response during pregnancy. S.L. Tam and S. Kaufman. Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton.

74       13.9  Blood pressure and heart rate is greater in males as compared to females following hemorrhage challenge. A. Caplea, D. Seachrist, H. Daneshvar, G. Dunphy and D. Ely. Univ. of Akron

75       13.10  Gene gender interactions and blood pressure in normal adults. J.A. Duncan, J. Weinstein, J.W. Scholey, D.C. Cattran, and J.A. Miller. Univ. of Toronto.

Symposium

14.0 Sex Steroid Mechanisms of Action: Genomic and Non-Genomic Effects

Fri., 8:00 AM-12:05 PM — Allegheny Ballroom I

Chair: Paul Webb

8:00    14.1    Introduction. Paul Webb. UCSF.

8:15    14.2    Evaluating Estrogen Hormone Responses in ER-Knock-Out Mice. Kenneth Korach. NIEHS, NIH.

8:45    14.3    Sex Steroids Regulate Lymphocyte Development in Adult, but not Fetal Life and can be Used to Resolve Early Blood Cell Precursors. Paul W. Kincade. Oklahoma Med. Res. Fndn.

9:15    14.4    Functions of Estrogen Receptor Isoforms (Ea, ERb) and Receptor Co-activators (SRCs) in Human Osteoblasts.  Thomas C. Spelsberg. Mayo Clinic.

9:45    14.5    Estradiol Effects on B Cell Development and Function.  Betty Diamond. Albert Einstein Col. of Med.

10:15  Break.

10:35  14.6    Antioxidant Actions of Sex Steroids. John F. Keaney, Jr. Boston Univ. Sch. of Med.

11:05  14.7    Sex Steroids and Membrane Ion Channels in Vascular Smooth Muscle. Richard E. White. Med. Col. of Georgia.

11:35  14.8    Phytoestrogens and Estrogen Receptor Activation. J. Koudy Williams. Wake Forest Univ. Baptist.

Symposium

15.0 Cardiovascular Effects

Fri., 2:00-5:20 PM — Allegheny Ballroom I

Chair: Susan P. Duckles

2:00    15.1    Estrogen Receptor Biology in the Cardiovascular System. Michael E. Mendelsohn. New England Med. Ctr.

2:30    15.2    Cardiovascular Actions of Endogenous Estrogen Metabolites: New Concepts in Estradiol-Mediated Cardiovascular Function. Raghvendra K. Dubey. Univ. of Pittsburgh Med. Ctr.

3:00    15.3    Estrogen and Smooth Muscle Mechanisms. Gary C. Sieck. Mayo Clinic and Fndn.

3:30    Break.

3:50    15.4    Estrogen, Gender, and the Microcirculation. Gabor Kaley. New York Med. Col.

4:20    15.5    Gender Independent Protective Effects of Estrogen on Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Patricia D. Hurn. Johns Hopkins Med. Inst.

4:50    15.6    Gender, Hormones and Vascular Remodeling. Suzanne Oparil. Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham.

Conference Banquet and Awards Presentation

Reception:  6:30–7:30 PM — Ballroom Foyer

Dinner:  7:30–10:00 PM — Allegheny Ballroom

The banquet is included in the registration fee however, a ticket is required for admittance. Tickets must be picked-up at the Registration Desk before 10:00 AM on Thursday, October 18.

Symposium

16.0 Immunological Effects

Sat., 8:00-10:15 AM — Allegheny Ballroom I

Chair: Michael D. Lockshin

8:00    16.1    Overview: Comments from the Institute of Medicine Committee on Understanding Biology of Sex and Gender Differences. Michael D. Lockshin. The Barbara Volcker Ctr. for Women and Rheumatic Disease.

8:15    16.2    Gender Control of Genes In Lymphocytes: A View of Autoimmunity. Denise L. Faustman. Massachusetts Gen. Hosp.

8:45    16.3    Effects of Estrogen on Vascular Inflammation. Jeffrey R. Bender. Boyer Ctr. of Molec. Med., Yale Univ. Sch. of Med.

9:15    16.4    X Chromosome Inactivation and Other Stochastic Influences on Autoimmune Susceptibility. Peter  Gregersen. New York Univ. Sch. of Med.

9:45    16.5    Microchimerism: A New Model in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Disease?  J. Lee Nelson. Fred Hutchinson Cancer Res. Ctr., Univ. of Washington.

10:15  Break.

Symposium

17.0 Neurological Effects I

Sat., 10:45-11:45 AM — Allegheny Ballroom I

Chair: Phyllis M. Wise

10:45  17.1    Novel Non-Reproductive Actions of Estrogen in the Adult and Aging Brain. Phyllis M. Wise. Univ. of Kentucky.

11:15  17.2    Neuroprotective Effects of Estrogens and Estrogen-Like Compounds. James W. Simpkins. Univ. of North Texas Hlth. Sci. Ctr. at Fort Worth.

Symposium

18.0 Neurological Effects II

Sat., 1:00-2:00 PM — Allegheny Ballroom I

Chair: Phyllis M. Wise

1:00    18.1    Sex Steroids and Primary Afferent Neuronal Activity: Perception of Pain. Jon D. Levine. UCSF.

1:30    18.2    Estrogens, Synapses and Memory.  Bruce S. McEwen. Rockefeller Univ.

Symposium

19.0 Clinical Issues

Sat., 2:00-4:30 PM — Allegheny Ballroom I

Chair: Nancy Milliken

2:00    19.1    Epidemiology of gender-disparate diseases.  Sherine Gabriel. Mayo Clinic.

2:30    19.2    Women and Men, Estrogens and Androgens: Clinical Perspectives. Krishna Sudhir. The Baker Inst., Melbourne, Australia.

3:00    Break.

3:30    19.3    Update on Hormone Replacement Trials. David M. Herrington. Wake Forest Univ.

4:00    19.4    Advances in SERMS (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators) and Future Therapeutic Initiatives. Lorraine Fitzpatrick. Mayo Clinic.