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Instructions for Preparing Your Manuscript
Revised July 2008
This document will take you through all the major steps of preparing your
manuscript for submission to the American Physiological Society Journals,
from how best to format and organize the paper itself, to how to create
digital images suitable for print and web publication, to advice on how to
present supplemental data files such as video clips and long tables.
These instructions pertain to all of the American Journal of
Physiology sections, as well as the Journal of Applied Physiology,
the Journal of Neurophysiology, Advances in Physiology Education,
and Physiological Genomics.
Physiology and
Physiological Reviews (both invited only) have specific instructions
that you should review if you are submitting to them.
Exceptions for the Journal of Neurophysiology
The Journal of Neurophysiology departs from usual Journal style in
some areas; specifically regarding keywords, and
references. These exceptions are marked below with
the "JN" icon:
 ,
and bordered to the left with a bold black line.
Main Contents
General
Information
Ethical Policies
Standards
Technical Requirements
Manuscript Sections
Types of Articles
Figures
Tables
Mathematical Equations and Modeling
Data Supplements
The American Physiological Society (APS) Journals seek definitive papers
that present the entire contents of a research project. In general, all data
from a group of subjects, animals, or samples should be presented together
in a single paper. If this cannot be done, then the manuscript should be
cross-referenced. Identical subject, animal, and sample numbers should be
used in the different manuscripts to identify their commonality.
Section Contents
Peer Review Policy
Disclaimer
Copyright and Permissions
Cost of Publication
Restrictions on Prepublication
Authorship Changes
Use of Previously Published Illustrations
"Submitted" and "Accepted" Dates
Manuscripts are refereed critically by two or more reviewers. Acceptance
of manuscripts is based on scientific content and presentation of the
material; membership in the Society is not a prerequisite for publication.
The Editor/Associate Editor selects the reviewers, corresponds with the
author, and makes the final decision on the acceptance or rejection of the
manuscript. If a manuscript is submitted by an Editor of the Journal,
another Editor handles that manuscript. The APS Peer Review office helps
ensure confidentiality by blinding user records in the
APS Central system to be used for
this purpose. See also
Peer Review
and Revision.
The statements and opinions contained in the articles of APS Journals are
solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the
American Physiological Society. The appearance of advertisements in the
Journals is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or
their safety. The American Physiological Society disclaims responsibility
for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas or products
referred to in any article or advertisement.
The Mandatory Submission Form serves as the Society’s official copyright
transfer form. (Forms customized to your manuscript will become available on
completion of the submission process; check the
Info Page of the journal to which you are submitting, for blank forms.)
The APS Journals are copyrighted for the protection of authors and the
Society.
Author Rights
Authors of articles
published in the Journals of the American Physiological Society (APS) may
republish, after requesting permission, the whole article as part of their
thesis, a book, or CD. Authors may make copies of their own articles for
teaching purposes or republish parts of these articles (e.g., figures,
tables) without charge and without requesting permission, provided that full
acknowledgement of the source is given in the new work.
Authors may not post a pdf
of their published article on any web site, but may provide links to their
articles on the Journal website from their own or their institution’s web
site. There are three exceptions to this policy:
-
Authors may
email a pdf of their article to another researcher and for educational
purposes.
-
Authors
whose funding agencies, such as the NIH, require posting of their
published article in PubMedCentral (PMC), have permission to do so
according to the APS’s
funding
agency policy. To assist our authors who acknowledge funding
from
these agencies, APS
submits the final published article to PMC on their behalf.
-
Authors who
pay the AuthorChoice open access fee ($2000 for research articles and
$3000 for review articles) are granted permission to post these articles
on their website and in institutional repositories.
Rights of Others (non-authors)
The code at the bottom of the first
page of an article indicates the copyright owner's consent that copies of
that article may be made beyond what is permitted by sections 107 and 108 of
the US Copyright Law -- unless the copies are for general distribution, for
advertising, for creating new works, or for resale -- provided the per-copy
fee is paid through the
Copyright Clearance Center, Inc.:
Copyright Clearance Center, Inc.
222 Rosewood Dr.
Danvers, MA 01923
For information about any of these exceptions or for permission to
reproduce previously published illustrations or tables, write to:
Penny Ripka
Publications Office
American Physiological Society
9650 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20814-3991
301-634 7243 (fax)
pripka@the-aps.org
Include an explicit statement of intended use and detailed specification
of the material to be reproduced.
NIH’s and other funding agencies’
requirements to post to PubMedCentral (PMC)
Mandatory Submission Fee
Page Charges
-
To recover part of publication costs, the APS charges
authors of research articles $70 per printed page. By signing the
Mandatory Submission Form, the author agrees to pay page charges once
his/her paper is published. (Forms customized to your manuscript will
become available on completion of the submission process; check the Home
Page of the journal you are
submitting to for blank forms.)
-
Excessive changes made in proof will be subject to
additional charges.
-
The page charges are waived for invited authors and for
those publishing in Physiological
Reviews, Physiology,
and Advances in Physiology
Education.
Cost of Color
Among scholarly publishers, the APS offers one of the most favorable
terms for color figure publication.
-
We publish scientifically necessary color figures free of charge if the first or the
last author is an APS member in good standing (this includes student
members).
-
Please submit in color only if you intend for the figure(s)
to be published in color. The Editor of the Journal to which you submit
is the final arbiter of whether color for a figure is scientifically
necessary.
-
Nonmembers will be charged the low subsidized rate of $400
per color figure.
-
Color is free for authors publishing in
Physiological Reviews and
Physiology.
Reprint Services
The APS provides high quality reprints to its authors.
-
Please order reprints when you receive the electronic or
mailed proof of your article.
-
The Reprint Order Form is enclosed in the electronic proof
package. Please fill it out and send within 48 hours to the address
indicated on the form. Please note that the articles containing color can
ONLY be ordered at proof stage.
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If your article has color figures, there is an additional
press charge of $100 per 100 reprints ordered.
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Toll-free link: at your request, the APS can create a link
from your online published article to a URL you specify. Readers accessing
your article from this URL can do so without a subscription to the
journal. The per-article cost is $150 ($250 for articles in
Physiological Reviews) and can be noted on the Reprint Order Form.
Payment for the link will be added to the invoice for publication fees.
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See the
current reprint
prices.
Author Choice Program for Open Access
You may now choose to
pay a fee ($2000) to
make your online article free immediately (for more information on the APS
Author Choice program, see http://www.authorchoice.org).
The payment form can be found at
http://www.the-aps.org/authorchoice/pdf/form.pdf.
Except in reviews and invited editorials, the APS Journals will not
accept submissions in which, other than in abstracts of less than 400 words,
a significant portion of the data in the form of figures and/or tables has
been published elsewhere. For the APS guidelines regarding duplicate and/or
prior publication, and for exceptions pertaining to the Journal of
Neurophysiology that now accepts manuscripts previously posted to
preprint servers, see the APS Ethical
Policies and Procedures.
Changes to authorship are handled differently depending on when the error
is noticed, i.e., on the stage of publication of the paper.
- After submission but before acceptance
If you realize that
changes to authorship (e.g., altering the order of authorship or
adding/removing a name) are needed, please follow these steps:
- Download the
Change of Authorship Form.
- Have ALL authors sign it.
- Fax, mail, or e-mail the signed form to the APS Peer Review office
(301-634-7243)
- After publication in Articles in PresS
If you have realized that an author's name was misspelled in such way
as to affect finding the article in PubMed or through other searches,
notify the Peer Review office so that the article can be fixed by amending
the Article in PresS edition. Please note: this is the ONLY case when
Articles in PresS edition will be corrected. Follow the steps above when
submitting the correction. Other authorship corrections can still be made
for the final print and online editions (see point 3 below).
- During production of the final print and online editions
Changes to authorship (e.g., altering the order of authorship;
adding/removing a name; adding or changing an initial) can still be made
during production. You will need to follow these steps:
- Download the
Change of Authorship Form.
- Have ALL authors sign it.
- Fax, mail, or e-mail the signed form to the Journal Editorial Office
(301-634-7243).
- After the final edition has been published in print and online
Any changes to authorship can only be made through a corrigendum to the
print edition. The online version will have a permanent link to the
corrigendum. Follow the steps in point 3 when submitting the changes.
APS Journals do not allow the use of previously published illustrations
in regular research papers. If scientifically appropriate, previously
published illustrations may be included only in reviews, invited editorials,
or other invited papers, and only if permission is obtained from both the
author and the original publisher. Authors are responsible for obtaining
permission letters and must include them with their accepted manuscript in
advance of publication. Authors are also responsible for providing
publication-quality electronic files or laser prints of the previously
published illustrations. These are best obtained from the original publisher
or original author. Previously published images downloaded from the
Internet are not acceptable for publication. See also
Special
Considerations for Invited Authors.
The "submitted" date for a manuscript is the date when the manuscript was
submitted to APS Central
online peer review system. The "accepted" date is the date when the official
letter of acceptance is sent out (usually via e-mail) from the review
Editor.
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Section Contents
Ethical Policies and Procedures
Use of Humans and/or Animals in Experiments
Fetal Tissue Research Policy
Conflict of Interest
see also: Cell Lines and Reagents
[printer-friendly PDF]
Authorship
The Editors of the journals of the American Physiological Society (APS)
expect each author to have made an important scientific contribution to the
study and to be thoroughly familiar with the original data. The Editors also
expect each author to have read the complete manuscript and to take
responsibility for the content and completeness of the manuscript and to
understand that if the paper, or part of the paper, is found to be faulty or
fraudulent, that he/she shares responsibility with his/her coauthors. The
Mandatory Submission Form, which is published in the journals, should be
signed by each author. In cases in which obtaining a signature from each
author would delay publication, the corresponding author’s signature is
sufficient provided that the corresponding author understands that he or she
signs on behalf of the other authors who have not signed the form. An
author’s name can be removed only at his/her request, but all coauthors must
sign a change of authorship agreement for any change in authorship
(additions, removals, or change of order) to be made.
Author Conflict of
Interest
See the information in the
Disclosures section.
Editor and Reviewer Conflict of Interest
Editors and Reviewers should avoid making decisions on papers for which
they may have a personal or financial conflict of interest. Reviewers who
are collaborating with the author, or who are working on very similar
research, should recuse themselves from reviewing a paper for which they
have a conflict. An Editor in Chief should have a Consulting Editor or
Associate Editor make a decision on a paper for which he or she has a
conflict. When an Editor in Chief submits a paper to his or her journal, the
paper is automatically assigned to a Guest Editor, a Consulting Editor, or
an Associate Editor, who will handle all aspects of the peer review of the
paper. The reviews are handled outside the web-based peer review system, so
that the Editor in Chief will not have access to them.
Duplicate Publication, Plagiarism, Falsification
The journals of the APS accept only papers that are original work, no
part of which has been submitted for publication elsewhere except as brief
abstracts. When submitting a paper, the corresponding author should include
copies of related manuscripts submitted or in press elsewhere. Taking
material from another’s work and submitting it as one’s own is considered
plagiarism. Taking material (including tables, figures, and data; or
extended text passages), from the author’s own prior publications is
considered redundant publication or self-plagiarism, and is not permitted.
Fabricating a report of research or suppressing or altering data to agree
with one’s conclusions is considered fraud. This includes altering figures
in such a way as to obscure, move, remove, or introduce information or
features.
Prior Publication
Material published by the author before submission in the following
categories is considered prior publication: 1) articles published in any
publication, even online-only, non-peer reviewed publications, such as
Nature Precedings or the physics arXiv (see
exception below for the Journal of Neurophysiology); 2)
articles, book chapters, and long abstracts containing original data in
figures and tables, especially in proceedings publications; 3) widely
circulated, copyrighted, or archival reports, such as the technical reports
of IBM, the preliminary reports of MIT, the institute reports of the US
Army, or the internal reports of NASA.
Doctoral dissertations that are made available by UMI/Proquest or
institutional repositories are not considered prior publication. Data
portions of submitted papers that have appeared on a web site will be
permitted, with the proviso that the author inform the Editor at the time of
the submission that such material exists so that the Editor can determine
the suitability of such material for publication. Failure to do so will
result in an automatic rejection of the manuscript. Examples of such work
include, but are not limited to, immunofluorescence micrographs and/or
animated gif/video files posted on a web site, or NIH-mandated posting of
DNA microarray data. After the article is published in a journal of the
American Physiological Society, the data should be removed from the author’s
web site.
Authors with concerns about possible prior publication that does not fall
clearly into one of these categories should contact the Director of
Publications and forward the material for examination.
Authors submitting to the Journal of Neurophysiology (JN) may
submit papers that have been previously posted to preprint servers and
other non peer-reviewed websites. Once you have submitted your
manuscript to JN, we ask that you not subsequently post it, or further
revisions to it, to a preprint server. If your manuscript receives a
final reject decision at JN or if you withdraw it from editorial
consideration at JN, this restriction is then lifted.
Authors
submitting manuscripts to preprint servers must be sure to retain the
copyright to their work, which can then be transferred to the publisher
when a later version of the work is accepted at a traditional
peer-reviewed journal (this is standard at arXiv and Nature Precedings).
Questions about whether a particular preprint server venue is allowed
under this rule should be addressed to the JN Editor in Chief, David
Linden at dlinden@jhmi.edu.
Authors will be
asked at submission to disclose whether their manuscript has been posted
to a preprint server, identify the preprint server, and to provide a
file of the most recent version of, and the DOI or a working link to,
the posting.
This is a trial
exception to APS policy that applies to submissions to Journal of
Neurophysiology through February, 2011 and subject to change
thereafter.
Experiments Involving
Animals or Humans
Authors using humans, animals, or fetal tissue in their experiments
should refer to APS’s policies on those subjects. Links to these policies
can be found at
http://www.the-aps.org/publications/i4a/policies.htm.
Ethical Procedure
APS reviewers have a responsibility to report suspected duplicate
publication, fraud, plagiarism, or concerns about animal or human
experimentation to the Editor. A reviewer may recognize and report that
he/she is refereeing, or has recently refereed, a similar or identical paper
for another journal by the same author(s). Readers may report that they have
seen the same article elsewhere, or authors may see their own published work
being plagiarized. In all cases the first action of the journal Editor is to
inform the Publications Committee Chair through the Director of Publications
by supplying copies of 1) the relevant material and 2) a draft letter to the
corresponding author asking for an explanation in a nonjudgmental manner.
The Publications Committee Chair must approve any correspondence with the
author before it is sent to the author. If the author’s explanation is
unacceptable and it seems that serious unethical conduct has taken place,
the matter is referred to the Publications Committee. After deliberation, a
decision is made whether the case is serious enough to warrant a ban on
future submissions and/or if the offending author’s institution should be
informed. The decision has to be approved by the Executive Cabinet of the
APS Council, and the author has the right to appeal a sanction, with the
opportunity to present his/her position, to the Publications Committee and
the full APS Council.
If the infraction is less severe, the Editor, upon the advice of the
Publications Chair, sends the author a letter of reprimand and reminds the
author of APS publication policies; if the manuscript has been published,
the Editor may require the author to publish an apology in the journal to
correct the record. If, through the author’s actions, APS has violated the
copyright of another journal, the Publications Chair writes a letter of
apology to the other journal.
In serious cases of fraud that result in retraction of the article, a
retraction notice will be published in the journal and will be linked to the
article in the online version. The online version will also be marked
“retracted” with the retraction date.
The research described in papers submitted to any of the APS publications
that involve the use of human beings, including healthy volunteers, must
adhere to the principles of the
Declaration of Helsinki
as well as to
Title
45, U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Part 46, Protection of Human Subjects,
Revised November 13, 2001, effective December 13, 2001. Research
involving animals must adhere to APS’s
Guiding Principles in the Care and Use of Animals. APS insists that all
investigations involving humans or animals reported in its publications be
conducted in conformity with these principles, and that a statement of
protocol approval from an IRB or IACUC or equivalent is included in the
methods section of the paper. In describing surgical procedures, the type
and dosage of the anesthetic agent should be specified. Curarizing agents
are not anesthetics; if these were used, evidence must be provided that
anesthesia of suitable grade and duration was employed. Manuscripts
reporting the results of experiments on human subjects, including healthy
volunteers, must include a statement that informed consent was obtained.
Editors/Associate Editors are expected to refuse papers in which evidence of
the adherence to these principles is not apparent. They reserve the right to
judge the appropriateness of the use of animals and humans in experiments
published in the journals. Differences of opinion will be adjudicated by the
Publications Committee.
Registering of clinical trials is a requirement for peer review and
publication for any study that uses clinical trials. There must be a
statement in the Methods section that states where the clinical trial was
registered (for example, see the
registration site sponsored by the United States National Library of
Medicine).
The American Physiological Society publications require all papers
submitted to any of the APS Journals and involving the use of human fetuses,
fetal tissue, embryos, and embryonic cells to adhere to the US Public Law
103-41, effective December 13, 2001. Please read the
APS Policy Regarding
Publication of Research on Human Fetuses, Fetal Tissue, Embryos, and
Embryonic Cells and the criteria that must be met by all researchers
submitting their work to the APS Journals.
See the information in the
Disclosures section.
All authors of articles submitted to APS journals should submit their
relevant data to all appropriate data repositories, such as the
National Center for Biotechnology
Information (NCBI) and the European
Bioinformatics Institute (EBI).
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Section Contents
MIAME Standard for Microarray Data
HUGO Gene Nomenclature
The American Physiological Society has adopted the microarray data
standard developed by the Microarray Gene
Expression Data society (MGED) and requests that all authors using
microarray data analysis in their research submit a complete data set to one
of three databases prior to manuscripts submission: the
NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO); the
EMBL-EBI ArrayExpress repository; or the
Center for Information Biology
Gene Expression (CIBEX) database.
Rationale
Within a short time span, microarrays have become an important, commonly
used tool in molecular genetics and physiology research. For microarray
analysis of gene expression to have any long-term impact, it is crucial that
the issue of reproducibility be adequately addressed. In addition, since
microarray analytic standards are certain to change, it is crucial that
authors identify the nature of the experimental conditions prevalent at the
time of their research. If today’s research is to be relevant tomorrow, the
core elements that are immune to obsolescence must be made clear. The APS
Journals are adopting the MIAME standards to ensure that what is cutting
edge today is not obsolete few years later.
The outline below indicates the general nature of the information we
expect you to provide, but we request that you follow the specific
guidelines provided at the MGED web site.
Summary of requested information
-
Experimental design detailing the parameters of the
microarray hybridization experiment including the number of
hybridizations, whether dye switching was utilized, and the use of any
reference samples.
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Details of the samples including the tissue from which
nucleic acids were extracted, the materials and methods used for
extraction, and the labeling protocol.
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Hybridization procedures.
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Measurement data and specifications in the form of
tab-delimited tables or Excel spreadsheets. As summarized in the published
guidelines to the format, “The first could contain the ‘raw’ output of the
image analysis software (spot quantitation matrix), the second could
contain the ‘processed’ data following normalization and transformation
(gene expression data matrix), and if one is produced, the final table
could contain ‘summary’ data that was ultimately used in the analysis,
such as the subset of differentially expressed genes identified or gene
clusters.”
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Array design including complete details of the location and
identification of each feature on the array, whether commercial or
noncommercial, information on the design of the array, and the spotting
protocols.
How to ensure compliance with the MIAME standard
-
On the MGED website, read
the pertinent information and follow the guidelines provided before
preparing your microarray information for deposit.
-
Deposit your microarray data in the
GEO data base, following
the required guidelines.
-
Provide the accession numbers for your GEO-deposited data in
the Methods section of your paper to make it available during the peer
review of your submitted paper.
-
Also, provide the set of login credentials
(username and password) that will let referees access the data set during
review, if it is set up as a private resource.
In accordance with the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC), the APS
requests that authors obtain approval for new human and mouse gene symbols
by contacting either the HGNC for human genes (e-mail:
hgnc@genenames.org) or Mouse Genomic
Nomenclature Committee (MGNC) for mouse genes (e-mail:
nomen@informatics.jax.org).
Additional information on gene nomenclature guidelines is available from the
HGNC website.
Technical Requirements
[back to top]
Section Contents
File Formats for Online Submission and Print
Organization of the Manuscript
Abbreviations, Symbols and Terminology
Special Symbols
Spelling and Compounding
Citing Unpublished Observations and
Personal Communications
Drugs, Chemicals and Trade Names
Cell Lines and Reagents
Unique Material and Data Banks
Please submit a Microsoft Word (.doc) file or a Rich Text Format (.rtf)
file to APS Central. Separate files
must be submitted for all discrete elements of the manuscript [e.g.,
separate files for each figure and table, a separate file for the complete
text of the manuscript (including abstract, all main text, bibliography,
figure legends and table legends, etc.)].
The APS Central system will concatenate the various files into a single
document for review. If the paper is accepted, the separate files will be
moved forward into the final print production process.
APS accepts manuscripts in one of two formats: double-spaced
in wide, one-column format, or single-spaced in two-column format. If you
choose two-column format and wish to embed the figures into the text, please
also include separate figure files for production (see sections on
Figures, below).
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The pages should be numbered in the upper right-hand corner
(beginning with the first page of text). All sections should begin on
separate pages, arranged as follows:
-
title page
-
abstract and
keywords
-
main text (introduction; Materials and/or Methods, or
Experimental Procedures; Results; Discussion, with conclusions)
-
text footnotes
-
acknowledgments
-
references
-
figure legends
-
tables
-
Be sure the text is clear and concise, conforming to
accepted standards of American English style and usage. Avoid jargon,
clichés, and laboratory slang.
-
See Manuscript Sections
for further description.
All abbreviations must be explicitly defined at first usage. However,
internationally accepted biochemical abbreviations such as ADP, NADH, and Pi
do not need to be defined; please consult the
list of accepted abbreviations. Other abbreviations need only be defined
at first mention. For word usage, symbols, etc., authors are referred to
Scientific Style and Format: The CBE Manual for Authors, Editors, and
Publishers (6th ed., 1994). For chemical and biochemical terms and
abbreviations, consult the recommendations of the IUPAC-IUB Combined
Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature. Isotope specification must
conform to the IUPAC system. Authors are referred to the following articles
for style in specialized fields: "Glossary on respiration and gas exchange"
(J Appl Physiol 34: 549-558, 1973); and "Glossary of terms for
thermal physiology" (J Appl Physiol 35: 941-961, 1973).
For special characters not available on the standard 104-key keyboard
(e.g., Greek characters, mathematical symbols, figure symbols), use the
Symbol font or use the "Insert Symbol" function in Microsoft Word; do not
use Math font or image files (e.g., GIF) within the text for special
characters or text constructions. Please also note that we cannot
process files prepared in LaTex.
Authors should consult Webster's Third New International Dictionary or
Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, for spelling and
compounding. The APS Journals follow American English rules for spelling.
Citations of submitted papers still in preparation, in peer review, or of
other unpublished materials cannot be included in the reference list, which
may only contain published work. Such citations can, however, be provided in
parentheses in text as unpublished observations (e.g., "J. M. K. Smith,
unpublished observation").
The APS Journals discourage the use of personal communications. However,
if they are used, the author(s) must have in their file a letter granting
permission from the communicant and stating that the person whose opinion is
cited has seen and approved the actual wording of the citation. If
requested, the author will send the letter to the APS Publications office.
For both unpublished observations and personal communications provide the
cited person's last name and all initials.
Proprietary (trademarked) names should be capitalized, with the spelling
carefully checked. The chemical or generic name should be lowercase and
precede the trade name or abbreviation of a drug the first time it appears.
The source of cells utilized (species, sex, strain, race, age of donor,
whether primary or established) should be clearly indicated. The source of
reagents should be stated (name, city, and state within parentheses) when
first cited. If tests to rule out the presence of mycoplasmal contamination
were not performed, this fact should be clearly stated. Other data relating
to unique biological, biochemical, and/or immunological markers should also
be included if available, with their source identified. Publication of
results is based on the principle that results must be independently
verifiable. Authors are expected to make unique reagents available to
qualified investigators either directly or through a recognized distributor.
See also Unique Materials and Data Banks and
Ethical Policies and Standards for other
requirements.
Work published in the APS Journals must necessarily be independently
verifiable. Authors describing results derived from the use of antibodies,
recombinant plasmids and cloned DNAs, mutant cell lines or viruses, and
other similarly unique materials are expected to make such materials
available to qualified investigators on request. Authors should also submit
published nucleic acid/amino acid sequences to a widely accessible data
bank. Sequence data for the United Protein Database (UniProt) should be
submitted directly to UniProt using
SPIN, a new web-based tool for submitting protein sequences. Also, for
other special types of submissions (e.g., genomes, bulk submissions),
additional submission protocols are available from the following
organizations:
- DDBJ:
Center for Information Biology and DNA Data Bank of Japan.
National Institute of Genetics
1111 Yata
Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540
Japan
Tel: +81 559 81 6853
Fax: +81 559 81 6849
ddbj@ddbj.nig.ac.jp
- EMBL: EMBL
Nucleotide Sequence Submissions, European Bioinformatics Institute
Wellcome Trust Genome Campus
Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD
UK
Tel: +44 1223 494444
Fax: +44 1223 494468
datasubs@ebi.ac.uk
- GenBank:
National Center for Biotechnology Information
National Library of Medicine
Bldg. 38A, Rm. 8N-803
Bethesda, MD 20894
Tel: 301-496-2475
Fax 301-480-9241
info@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
See also MIAME Standards for Microarray Data
and Data Supplements.
Section Contents
Title Page
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion
Acknowledgements
Grants
Disclosures
References
Footnotes
All submissions must contain a title page, however brief the article may
be. The title page must contain the title of the article; author(s) name(s);
all departments and institutions in which the work was done; an abbreviated
title for the running head; and the name, e-mail, and address for
correspondence.
Title
Make the title succinct and informative. Avoid unnecessary
words like "Studies in....". The title must not exceed 160 characters,
including spaces between words.
Authors
List all authors' names and their first names or initials
exactly as they should be known, in the order of importance of their
contribution to the study. Do not include any specific titles (e.g.,
PhD, MD, and Prof. are not needed). "Group authorship" is allowed, with the
name of a group (such as a consortium or program) to be listed as an author,
with members of the group listed in the Acknowledgements section; however,
the Program Director of the named group must be the one who signs for the
group when the group's "author" signature is needed, i.e., on a Mandatory
Submission form or a Change of Authorship form.
Authors who publish in APS journals may now present their
names in non-Latin characters (in their native writing system) along side
the standard English transliteration of their name in the main author line
of the published article; for example, "Ta-Ming Wang (王大明)". We will accept
any non-Latin languages that have standard Unicode characters designated for
the native characters. For authors that choose this option, please only
provide the native expression for the original written form of the
transliterated name; that is, do not include any associated degree, rank, or
title information in the native format. This feature is meant for the
person's name only, not for ancillary information regarding academic
achievement or institutional affiliation. To take advantage of this new
feature, please insert the native expression of your name along side the
English transliteration in the main title page of your manuscript
submission.
See Authorship Changes
for more information.
Affiliation
List all departments and institutions in which the work
was done, with city and state or country. Identify each author's affiliation
by superscript numbers matched to the appropriate institution. Affiliation
must reflect the organization(s) supporting the author(s) while the
research was done. This may differ from the current affiliations
of the author(s), which will be listed in such cases in the
Acknowledgment section as the present
address(es) of the author(s).
Running head
The running head is an abbreviated version of the title,
which will appear at the top of every page subsequent to the first page.
Running heads must not exceed 55 characters including spaces between words.
Contact information
A full address for correspondence must be included,
with a current, valid e-mail address for the corresponding author. This
address will be published on the title page. Please note that a valid e-mail
address is essential to participate in the APS electronic proofing service
called "Rapid Proof." Also, provide your phone and fax numbers for
use while your article is in production. If the contact information to be
used during production differs from that to be included in the final
article, indicate this explicitly. To contact APS during the submission and
peer review and/or during production after acceptance, go to the APS website
(www.the-aps.org) and choose the
appropriate
Journal's web page.
An informative one-paragraph abstract of not more than 250 words must
accompany each manuscript. Note that longer abstracts are usually cut off at
the end when displayed on Medline. It must state concisely what was done and
why (including species and state of anesthesia), what was found (in terms of
data, if space allows), and what was concluded.
Include three to five words or short phrases, relevant to the article,
that do not appear in the title or running head. These should be included on
the same page as the abstract.
Authors submitting to the Journal of Neurophysiology are not
required to provide keywords.
Provide a brief overview of the scope and relevance of the study,
especially with regard to previous advancements in related fields.
(Sometimes called "Experimental Procedures"). Describe techniques,
cell/animal models used, and lists of reagents, chemicals, and equipment, as
well as the names of manufacturers and suppliers, so that your study can be
most easily replicated by others. Also in this section, describe the
statistical methods that were used to evaluate the data. If your research
involved the use of microarrays, see MIAME
Standard for Microarray Data and insert in this section the URL
pointing to your microarray data. If clinical trials were used, a statement
of registration is required; also, for all investigations involving humans
or animals, a statement of protocol approval from an IRB or IACUC, or an
equivalent statement, must be included (see Use of
Humans and/or Animals in Experiments).
See Abbreviations, Symbols, and Terminology
for style information.
Provide the experimental data and results as well as the particular
statistical significance of the data.
Regarding the use of statistics, including reporting standard error (SE)
and standard deviation (SD) values, an Editorial ("Guidelines for reporting
statistics in journals published by the American Physiological Society") was
published in all August 2004 issues of the APS Journals. The Editorial is
freely available (see, for example,
http://physiolgenomics.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/18/3/249), and
the authors are encouraged to consult it.
(Sometimes combined with the results in a section called "Results and
Discussion"). Explain your interpretation of the data, especially compared
with previously published material cited in the References.
List the people indirectly involved with the research to whom you may
wish to give thanks. Also, current addresses of authors (if they differ from
those in the affiliation line) should be included here.
Do not include "promissory notes." APS Journal policy is against
inclusion of implicit or explicit promises that future work will be
published.
Do not include dedications. Dedications of articles are not
permitted.
List the grants, fellowships, and donations that funded (partially or
completely) the research. However, industry-sponsored grants should be
listed under Disclosures.
All funding sources supporting the work and all institutional or corporate
affiliations must be disclosed in the manuscript. All authors who have
commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interests,
patent‑licensing arrangements) that might pose a conflict of interest in
connection with the submitted article must be disclosed in the Conflict of
Interest Disclosure section of the Web-based manuscript submission process
(http://www.apscentral.org). Authors who do have commercial associations must
also assert that they accept full responsibility for the conduct of the trial,
had full access to all the data, and controlled the decision to publish. If the
article is accepted for publication, information on the potential conflict of
interest must be included in the final manuscript, in a"Disclosures" section,
which will appear in the published article adjacent to any other
acknowledgements of funding, grants, gifts, and personal contributions.
Authors are responsible for accuracy of citations. References must be
limited to directly pertinent published works or papers that have
been accepted for publication. An abstract, properly identified as
"Abstract", may be cited only when it is the sole source.
References should be double-spaced, arranged alphabetically by author,
and numbered serially. The reference number should be placed in parentheses
at the appropriate place in the text.
Important Note: The reference list should not include citations of
submitted papers still in preparation, in peer review, or other unpublished
materials. Such information may be provided in parentheses in the text as
"personal communication" or
"unpublished observations" (e.g., "J.
M. K. Smith, unpublished observation").
The APS Journals discourage the use of "personal communications."
However, if they are used, the author(s) must have in their file a letter
granting permission from the communicant and send it to the APS Publications
Office if requested.
For both unpublished observations and personal communications, provide
the cited person's last name and all initials.
References for the Journal of Neurophysiology should be
double-spaced and arranged alphabetically by author. The appropriate
author name and year for each reference should be included in parentheses
at the proper point in the text using the following style:
If more than two
references are cited by different authors, separate entries with a
semicolon (Brown 1982; Smith 1983). If more than two references are cited
by the same first author (or single author), use "et al." where
appropriate plus the date, even if the subsequent authors are not the same
in all the references (Brown et al. 1982, 1983, 1986-1988). Note the use
of commas between two consecutive years or nonconsecutive years and dashes
for ranges (Brown et al. 1982, 1983, 1986-1988). If more than two
references with the same year and author(s) are cited, use lowercase
letters after the year (Brown 1982a,b). Lowercase letters will be inserted
in same-year references in the reference list.
Although the
Journal of Neurophysiology does not require that the reference list be
numbered, the examples given below are shown with numbers because that is
the style for most APS Journals. In all other respects, the reference
style used in the example below is the same across all journals.
The style of citation should be as follows, with journal name abbreviated
as in Medline, PubMed, and Index Medicus. APS offers a selection of output
styles available for
a variety of citation management software.
Examples
Journal Articles
Book References
APS Handbook of Physiology Series
Articles Published on the Web
DOIs and Early Publication in Articles in PresS
Technical Documents, Congress Proceedings,
etc.
Corrigenda/Errata
Translations
Many Authors
Unpublished Observations or Personal
Communications
Journal Articles
[back to section contents]
[back to example list]
1. Villalobos AR, Parmelee JT, Renfro JL.
Choline uptake across the ventricular membrane of neonate rat choroid
plexus. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 276: C1288-C1296, 1999.
Book References
[back to section contents]
[back to example list]
1. Ausubel FM, Brent R, Kingston RE, Moore DD, Seidman
JG, Smith JA, Struhl K. Current Protocols in Molecular Biology.
New York: Wiley, 1995, p. 25-26.
2. Pollock DM. Endothelin receptor subtypes and
tissue distribution. In: Endothelin Molecular Biology, Physiology, and
Pathology, edited by Highsmith RF. Totowa, NJ: Humana, 1998.
APS Handbook of Physiology Series
[back to section contents]
[back to example list]
Large text books require very specific citation
information. For example, the APS Handbooks series contains a huge
amount of information, and the inclusion in the citation of the section,
volume, part, and chapter is essential to aid the reader in finding the
information quickly (please note that the APS chooses not to list editors
for the APS Handbooks).
1. Kaufman MP, Forster HV. Reflexes
controlling circulatory, ventilatory, and airway responses to exercise. In:
Handbook of Physiology. Exercise: Regulation and Integration of Multiple
Systems. Control of Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems. Bethesda,
MD: Am. Physiol. Soc., 1996, sect. 12, pt. II, chapt. 10, p. 381-447.
Articles Published on the Web
[back to section contents]
[back to example list]
Many more reports than in past years are being published
primarily, if not exclusively, on the World Wide Web. Such articles should
be cited in the "online" style as shown below.
Format:
Author/editor (if known). (Revision or copyright date, if available).
Title of page [Publication medium]. Page publisher. URL
(Protocol://Site/Path/File) [Access date].
1. Dudoit S, Yang YH, Callow MJ, Speed TJ.
Statistical methods for identifying differentially expressed genes in
replicated cDNA microarray experiments [Online]. Dept. of Statistics, Univ.
of California at Berkeley.
http://www.stat.berkeley.edu/users/terry/zarray/Html/matt.html [3 Sept.
2000].
2. Friedman N, Linial M, Nachman I, Pe’er D.
Using Bayesian networks to analyze expression data [Online]. Stanford
University. http://robotics.stanford.edu/people/nir/Abstracts/FLNP1Full.html
[2000].
Note that the date may be general or specific, to the day.
Some citations may have portions published in print and
other relevant portions deposited online. However, if directions to the
online portions are available in the printed work, this sort of citation
should be avoided.
1. Joachims T. Making large-scale SVM learning
practical. In: Advances in Kernel Methods: Support Vector Learning,
edited by Schölkopf B, Burges C, and Smola A. MIT Press, 1999. [The software
is available at
http://www-ai.cs.uni-dortmund.de/SOFTWARE/SVM_LIGHT/svm_light.eng.html]
2. Spellman PT, Sherlock G, Zhang MQ, Iyer VR, Anders
K, Eisen MB, Brown PO, Botstein D, Futcher B. Comprehensive
identification of cell cycle-regulated genes of the yeast Saccharomyces
cerevisiae by microarray hybridization. Mol Biol Cell 9:
3273–3297, 1998. [The data are available at
http://cellcycle-www.stanford.edu]
DOIs and Early Publication in
Articles in PresS
[back to section contents]
[back to example list]
Current technology allows publication of an article in
several editions. For example, the final, citable draft of an accepted
article may be posted to a web site, pending final copyediting and page
layout/design. This initial post to the web qualifies as publication, but
eventually the article will reach the readership in a final, polished form.
The APS publishes peer-reviewed articles upon acceptance
as Articles in
PresS. These articles may be cited and establish publication's priority
before they appear in final print and online forms. (Please note the
required use of a "digital object identifier" -- DOI -- in this citation.)
1. Scarafia LE, Winter A, Swinney DC.
Quantitative expression analysis of the cellular specificity of HECT-domain
ubiquitin E3 ligases. Physiol Genomics (April 26, 2001). doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00075.2001.
However, once this article has reached its final stage of
publication, it will be cited with is new publication data, as follows:
1. Scarafia LE, Winter A, Swinney DC.
Quantitative expression analysis of the cellular specificity of HECT-domain
ubiquitin E3 ligases. Physiol Genomics 4: 147-153, 2001. First
published April 26, 2001; doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00075.2001.
Technical Documents, Congress Proceedings, etc.
[back to section contents]
[back to example list]
Technical documents, congress proceedings, and some other
sorts of material may often be published by the specific institution that
sponsored the research.
1. Efron R, Tibshirani B, Goss V, Chu G.
Microarrays and Their Use in a Comparative Experiment (Technical
Report). Palo Alto, CA: Department of Statistics, Stanford University, 2000.
Corrigenda/Errata
[back to section contents]
[back to example list]
If an article required a correction, after first
publication, this should be noted in the citation of the original article.
1. Hallows KR, Packman CH, Knauf PA. Acute cell
volume changes in anisotonic media affect F-actin content of HL-60 cells.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 261: C1154--C1161, 1991. (Corrigendum. Am J
Physiol Cell Physiol 268: March 1995, following table of
contents)
2. Steenman M, Chen YW, Le Cunff M, Lamirault G, Varró
A, Hoffman E, Léger JJ. Transcriptomal analysis of failing and
nonfailing human hearts. Physiol Genomics 12: 97--112, 2003. First
published November 12, 2002; doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00148.2002.
(Corrigendum. Physiol Genomics 18:128, 2004)
Translations
[back to section contents]
[back to example list]
1. Gavrilov KA, Perel TS. Earthworms and other
invertebrates in the soil under...[in Russian]. Pochovedenia 8:
133-140, 1958.
2. Gavrilov KA, Perel TS. Earthworms and other
invertebrates in the soil under...[in Russian, English summary].
Pochovedenia 8: 133-140, 1958.
3. Fritsch G, Hitzig E. Uber die Elektrische.
In: Some Papers on the Cerebral Cortex, translated and edited by von
Bomin G. Springfield, IL: Thomas, 1960, p. 73-96.
4. Vol'Kensktein MV. Molecules and Life: An
Introduction to Molecular Biology. New York: Plenum, 1970. [Transl. from the
Russian.]
Many Authors
[back to section contents]
[back to example list]
It is APS Publications policy to list all authors
in a research group. That is, the use of only the first author's name,
followed by "et al." is unacceptable.
1. Lander ES et al. Initial sequencing and analysis
of the human genome. Nature 409: 860–921, 2001.
should read:
1. Lander ES, Linton LM, Birren B, Nusbaum C, Zody MC,
Baldwin J, Devon K, Dewar K, Doyle M, FitzHugh W, Funke R, Gage D, Harris K,
Heaford A, Howland J, Kann L, Lehoczky J, LeVine R, McEwan P, McKernan K,
Meldrim J, Mesirov JP, Miranda C, Morris W, Naylor J, Raymond C, Rosetti M,
Santos R, Sheridan A, Sougnez C, Stange-Thomann N, Stojanovic N, Subramanian
A, Wyman D, Rogers J, Sulston J, Ainscough R, Beck S, Bentley D, Burton J,
Clee C, Carter N, Coulson A, Deadman R, Deloukas P, Dunham A, Dunham I,
Durbin R, French L, Grafham D, Gregory S, Hubbard T, Humphray S, Hunt A,
Jones M, Lloyd C, McMurray A, Matthews L, Mercer S, Milne S, Mullikin JC,
Mungall A, Plumb R, Ross M, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Waterston RH, Wilson RK,
Hillier LW, McPherson JD, Marra MA, Mardis ER, Fulton LA, Chinwalla AT,
Pepin KH, Gish WR, Chissoe SL, Wendl MC, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Delehaunty
A, Kramer JB, Cook LL, Fulton RS, Johnson DL, Minx PJ, Clifton SW, Hawkins
T, Branscomb E, Predki P, Richardson P, Wenning S, Slezak T, Doggett N,
Cheng JF, Olsen A, Lucas S, Elkin C, Uberbacher E, Frazier M, Gibbs RA,
Muzny DM, Scherer SE, Bouck JB, Sodergren EJ, Worley KC, Rives CM, Gorrell
JH, Metzker ML, Naylor SL, Kucherlapati RS, Nelson DL, Weinstock GM, Sakaki
Y, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Yada T, Toyoda A, Itoh T, Kawagoe C, Watanabe H,
Totoki Y, Taylor T, Weissenbach J, Heilig R, Saurin W, Artiguenave F,
Brottier P, Bruls T, Pelletier E, Robert C, Wincker P, Smith DR,
Doucette-Stamm L, Rubenfield M, Weinstock K, Lee HM, Dubois J, Rosenthal A,
Platzer M, Nyakatura G, Taudien S, Rump A, Yang H, Yu J, Wang J, Huang G, Gu
J, Hood L, Rowen L, Madan A, Qin S, Davis RW, Federspiel NA, Abola AP,
Proctor MJ, Myers RM, Schmutz J, Dickson M, Grimwood J, Cox DR, Olson MV,
Kaul R, Raymond C, Shimizu N, Kawasaki K, Minoshima S, Evans GA, Athanasiou
M, Schultz R, Roe BA, Chen F, Pan H, Ramser J, Lehrach H, Reinhardt R,
McCombie WR, de la Bastide M, Dedhia N, Blocker H, Hornischer K, Nordsiek G,
Agarwala R, Aravind L, Bailey JA, Bateman A, Batzoglou S, Birney E, Bork P,
Brown DG, Burge CB, Cerutti L, Chen HC, Church D, Clamp M, Copley RR, Doerks
T, Eddy SR, Eichler EE, Furey TS, Galagan J, Gilbert JG, Harmon C,
Hayashizaki Y, Haussler D, Hermjakob H, Hokamp K, Jang W, Johnson LS, Jones
TA, Kasif S, Kaspryzk A, Kennedy S, Kent WJ, Kitts P, Koonin EV, Korf I,
Kulp D, Lancet D, Lowe TM, McLysaght A, Mikkelsen T, Moran JV, Mulder N,
Pollara VJ, Ponting CP, Schuler G, Schultz J, Slater G, Smit AF, Stupka E,
Szustakowski J, Thierry-Mieg D, Thierry-Mieg J, Wagner L, Wallis J, Wheeler
R, Williams A, Wolf YI, Wolfe KH, Yang SP, Yeh RF, Collins F, Guyer MS,
Peterson J, Felsenfeld A, Wetterstrand KA, Patrinos A, Morgan MJ,
Szustakowki J, de Jong P, Catanese JJ, Osoegawa K, Shizuya H, Choi S, Chen
YJ. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. Nature
409: 860–921, 2001.
However, if there is an inclusive name for the research
group as a whole (as in the case above, the " International Human Genome
Sequencing Consortium"), it should be used rather than listing hundreds of
authors.
So, for example, it is correct to cite:
1. International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium.
Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. Nature 409:
860–921, 2001.
Unpublished Observations or Personal Communications
[back to section contents]
[back to example list]
Do NOT include such citations in the Reference list (see
Important Note above for more information).
Place instead in parentheses in the body of the article where it logically
belongs, following the format below. Make sure to include all initials and,
for personal communications, obtain a signed letter of permission from the
person(s) cited.
(ABC Jones and Z Smith, personal communication)
(J Jones, unpublished observations)
Consult recent issues of the APS Journals for more examples.
Text footnotes should be numbered consecutively throughout. They should
be printed double-spaced and assembled on a separate page of the manuscript
printout.
The APS Journals publish a variety of article types in addition to the
regular research papers. For descriptions of the types of articles published
in a particular journal, go to that journal's
home page.
A full list of article types is also available on the Mandatory Submission
Form, which is made available at
APS
Central during submission to the Journal of your interest.
If your research paper is submitted in response to a Call for Papers,
please make sure to mark it as such during submission to
APS Central.
See
http://www.the-aps.org/publications/i4a/figures for a complete
discussion of proper formats and procedures for figures.
Whenever possible, authors are encouraged to submit figures rather than
tables. Statistical summary tables should be submitted when possible, rather
than tables with many lines of individual values. Lengthy tables of data, on
the Editor's recommendation and with the approval of the author, will be
deposited by the APS Publications (see Data
Supplements).
Submitted tables should adhere to the following guidelines:
-
Each table should appear on a separate page of the
manuscript.
-
Tables must not duplicate material in text or figures.
-
Tables should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals
and prepared with the size of the journal page in mind: 3.5 in. wide,
single column; 7 in. wide, double column.
-
Each table should be double-spaced.
-
Each table should have a brief title; explanatory notes
should be in the legend, not in the title.
-
Horizontal and vertical rules should be omitted.
-
Nonsignificant decimal places in tabular data should be
omitted.
-
Short or abbreviated column heads should be used and
explained if necessary in the legend.
-
Statistical measures of variations, SD, SE, etc., must be
identified. (Example: "Values are means ± SE.")
-
Table footnotes should be listed in order of their
appearance and identified by standard symbols: *, †, ‡, § for four or
fewer; for five or more, consecutive superior lowercase letters should be
used.
Mathematical Equations and Modeling
Mathematical aspects of articles normally should be addressed to the many
readers of the Journal who are not mathematicians. The presentation should
include the mathematical strategy, the assumptions on which the mathematics
are based, and a summary of the meaning of the final mathematical statement
and its limitations.
Section Contents
Equations
Mathematical Models
Mathematical equations should be simplified as much as possible and
carefully checked.
-
Use the slant line (/) for simple fractions (a + b)/(x
+ y) in the text rather than the built-up fraction a + b[over]x
+ y, which should only be used if the equation is offset from the
text.
-
Use subscripts or superscripts wherever feasible and
appropriate, because they often simplify the equations by eliminating the
need for extraneous operations: RA/RD
instead of RA•RD or (RA)(RD).
-
Use circles for pools in compartmental or flow-type models
and whole arrows for interconnections or flows (not arrows with
half-heads, as in reversible chemical equations).
-
Do not use nonstandard mathematical notations; e.g., do not
use computer symbols in equations (* for multiplication or ** for
exponentiation).
-
Use lowercase letters for time-varying symbols in
compartmental model equations, preferably q(t) for masses, c(t)
for concentrations, with subscripts as needed.
-
Our convention for numerical subscripts for rate constants (k21)
is the same as that used in most life sciences but opposite to that
currently used in pharmacokinetics; i.e., our kij
is the fractional rate of transfer from compartment j to
compartment i (or to compartment i from compartment j,
if you prefer). Our notation is consistent with standard nomenclature in
applied mathematics for matrices and matrix manipulation algorithms in
commercial software packages for scientific/mathematical computations
involving matrices. However, the author(s) may use a different convention
if it is clearly defined in the manuscript.
-
Symbols should be defined as they first appear in the text,
and a
Glossary should also be included in articles with many different
symbols, specifying the units (dimensions) as well as each definition. The
Glossary will usually precede the Methods
section.
-
APS style allows punctuation in displayed equations.
Presentation of the model(s) must be sufficiently clear to allow
physiologists with limited experience in modeling to follow the model
development, limitations, and physiological relevance. Assumptions
concerning the importance of physiological processes included in the model
should be clearly stated.
-
If the model equation(s) require solution, the method of
solution should be described in sufficient detail to permit readers to
duplicate the solution in their own laboratories. Algorithms from
commercial software libraries should be so identified. Details of the
solution strategy may be summarized in an
Appendix.
-
For simulations, sources or estimation methods for all
parameter values should be presented and the numerical values given in the
text or a table. A sensitivity analysis must be performed for important
parameters (covering ranges of values relevant to the manuscript) to
determine how the model predictions are affected by numerical parameter
values.
-
If the model is used to estimate parameter values, measures
of the uncertainties associated with the estimated parameter values should
be presented.
-
For models intended for use in a predictive setting,
validation of the model with a data set not used for model parameter
estimation (i.e., cross-validation) is recommended. Sensitivity analysis
or parameter uncertainty determination is an important component of modern
modeling practice that allows assessment of the validity of a model.
-
Results obtained with the model(s) should be compared with
appropriate physiological data, either from literature or from new
experiments. Simulation results may be examined for prediction of changes
or trends in physiological variables similar to those reported for in
vitro or in vivo studies. The discussion should include information on the
physiological significance of the model study, limitations of the model,
and suggestions for new modeling and/or experimental studies.
Video files, extensive tables of data, and other supplemental material
that cannot be feasibly published in the printed journal may be submitted
for inclusion in the online journal (without charge to the author). Such
material must be submitted for peer review along with the finished
manuscript and must meet the approval of the journal Editor.
Questions regarding data supplements may be directed to the
Web Copy Editor. For microarray
data deposits, see MIAME Standard for Microarray
Data.
Section Contents
Video
Long Data Tables
Microfiche
Authors are responsible for compiling their own digital video. Files
should be in MPEG or Quicktime format and should be no more than 10 megs in
size. Authors may be requested to resubmit their videos with shorter running
time, smaller frame size, or lower resolution in order to conform to the
recommended file size.
Authors should include a written caption with each video file, explaining
what is happening in the video.
Contact the Web Copy Editor for
further assistance or questions.
Long data tables should be submitted in Microsoft Excel or in Microsoft
Word table format. Each table should include a title explaining what the
table shows. Tables published online may look different than how they were
originally submitted due to the limits of the HTML format.
At the author's request, supplemental material may be submitted for
deposition at:
National Auxiliary Publications Service (NAPS)
c/o Microfiche Publications
P. O. Box 3513, Grand Central Station
New York, NY 10017
A footnote will be inserted noting the availability of the material on
microfiche and giving the NAPS Document Number.
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