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Who is Bill Galey?
From Teaching and Research to Helping Students Discover Physiology

William (Bill) R Galey, Jr., was born in Boise, Idaho. He grew up on a small farm in the pacific northwest and was fascinated by the birth, growth, and death of the farm animals about him. He always wanted to know “how and why” things, such as plants and animals, and even machines, work the way they do. He decided to study science because of his interest in understanding how things work.

Finding Physiology
Bill always knew he would go on to college, even though no one else in his family had completed college before him. Granted, his mother had gone to nursing school, but, at that time, college was not required to study to become a Registered Nurse. His dad had studied to be a veterinarian but was unable to complete those studies.  Bill decided to attend Lewis and Clark College in Portland, Oregon where he majored in chemistry. After graduating from college in 1965, he decided to continue on for a PhD degree in biochemistry at the University of Oregon Medical School. As he was working on his degree, he found that his greatest interest was in physiology and biophysics. His research project for his PhD ended up being more properly classified as physiology than biochemistry. After receiving his PhD degree in 1969, he accepted a postdoctoral fellowship at Harvard Medical School in a biophysical laboratory and then worked for a short time in a pharmaceutical company, Dr. Galey was offered a position in a department of physiology at the University of New Mexico. It was at this time he finally was identified by others as a “real physiologist.”

Being a Physiologist
Dr. Galey worked at the University of New Mexico School of Medicine in the Department of Physiology for over 25 years. His research focused on understanding the relationship between membrane structure and function at both the single cell plasma membrane level and membranes composed of numerous cells. A particular area of interest was the investigation of the mechanisms by which cell membranes "age." A second area of interest was the use of human erythrocytes as targeted carriers of therapeutic or diagnostic agents.

He also taught medical, graduate, and undergraduate students during that time, and received the Outstanding Teacher of the Year award in 1993. It was during his last 10 years there that he became involved in graduate education and research administration. He also became very involved in helping middle school and high school teachers develop new ways to teach science.

Changing Careers
As he began to be more involved in working with students, researchers, and teachers, he became more interested in improving the way the medical sciences are taught and learned. He also recognized the increasing need to encourage medical students to learn how to do research so that they would understand how new drugs and treatments are developed. As a result of his involvement in graduate and medical education, not only at his own institution, but nationally and internationally as well, and through lecturing and consulting with schools on how to improve their educational programs, he was approached by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) to consider applying for a position with them. HHMI is the world’s largest private foundation conducting biomedical research. He decided it was the right time in his life to change the focus of his career and so he accepted the position and moved across the country from New Mexico to Maryland.

Dr. Galey is currently working as the Director of Graduate Education Programs for HHMI in Chevy Chase, Maryland. The group he leads supports graduate biomedical research education through fellowships to graduate students, medical students, and postdoctoral fellows or through grants to institutions that provide training to such individuals. He also directs a partnership program between HHMI and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) that provides one year of research training experience for medical students at the NIH.

Because of his knowledge and expertise, Dr. Galey has been asked by many organizations, including APS, to serve on local and national committees and boards. He is very active within APS in the Teaching of Physiology Section. In addition, he was just selected to be the Chair of the APS Career Opportunities in Physiology Committee, which develops materials and programs to encourage students to consider a career in science and especially physiology.

For Fun
Dr. Galey has four children. He likes to be with them and read, hike, and camp. He also enjoys growing gardens, listening to music, and attending plays and movies. Until recently he was a pilot and flew his own airplane around the country for business or pleasure. 

Dr. Galey remains very involved in volunteer work. He worked with teachers in their classrooms, kids in alternative education programs and volunteered for many years as a science fair judge. He’s also worked with Boy Scouts and has volunteered with a group feeding the homeless.

Advice for Postdoctoral Fellows
Help your mentor to mentor you by making sure he or she knows what you want as a career and what you want to gain from your postdoctoral experience. 

Representative Publications
1. Gopalan, V., A.F. Pastuszyn, W.R. Galey, and R.H. Glew. Exolytic hydrolysis of toxic plant glucosides by guinea pig liver cytosolic --glucosidase. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 14027-14032, 1992.

2. Brahm, J., W.R. Galey, and C. Levinson. Water and solute permeation of porous membranes. Aflred Benzoin Symposium: Isotonic Transport in Leaky Epithelia. Vol. 34: 504-513, 1993.

3. Mills, D.E., W.R. Galey, and H. Dixon. Effects of dietary fatty acid supplementation on fatty acid composition of young and old erythrocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1149: 313-318, 1993.

4. Mills, D.E., M. Murthy, and W.R. Galey. Dietary fatty acids, membrane transport and oxidative sensitivity in erythrocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1996.

5. Aiken, N.R., W.R. Galey, and J.D. Satterlee. A perocidative model of human erythrocyte intracellular Ca2+ changes with in vivo cell aging: Measurement by 19F NMR spectroscopy. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1270: 52-57, 1995.

6. Ying, W., and W.R. Galey. Effects of oxidative damage on the intracellular calcium concentration in human erythrocytes. Fed. Proc. 1996.

7. Ying, W., J. Marcilla, and W.R. Galey. Effects of oxidative stress on the [Ca2+] of human red cells. FASEB J. 11:3, A630, 1997.

8. Galey, W.R., and W. Ying. Effects of oxidative stress on the calcium homeostasis of human erythrocytes and the role of the altered calcium homeostasis in oxidative damage. Abs. XXXIII Inter Cong. Physiol. Sci. PO 19.10, 1997.