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17th APS President (1939-1941)
Andrew C. Ivy
(1893-1978)
Andrew Conway Ivy served as president of the Society for the two-year
term just before the dislocations caused by World War II. He had previously
been secretary for five years.
Born in Farmington, Missouri, he was educated primarily at the University
of Chicago, where he received his Ph.D. degree in 1918 under A. J. Carlson.
He received an M.D. degree from Rush Medical College in 1922 while associate
professor of physiology at Loyola University School of Medicine (1919-23).
Other academic positions were at the University of Chicago (assocate
professor, 1923-25), Northwestern University Medical School (head of the
Division of Physiology and Pharmacology, 1926-45), the University of
Illinois (vice-president, 1946-53; and distinguished professor of
physiology, 1953-62), and Roosevelt University (research professor of
biochemistry, 1962-66). He also served as scientific director of the Naval
Medical Research Institute (1942-43), executive director of the National
Advisory Cancer Council (1947-51), and director of the Ivy Cancer Research
Foundation.
Author of approximately 2,000 scientific articles (over 1,500 by 1955),
his contributions were primarily in gastrointestinal physiology and
pharmacology but also included the physiology of reproduction, applied
physiology (aviation medicine), and physiological resistance to cancer.
His interest in cancer increasingly dominated his career after 1946. This
included work on a highly controversial drug, "krebiozen," which led to a
temporary estrangement from his colleagues at APS. During the mid 1970s,
however, he began attending Society meetings again and displayed the same
vigor characteristic of him in former years.
After his term as president, Ivy continued to serve the Society on the
Board of Publication Trustees (1945-48), and in this capacity he is credited
with recruiting Milton O. Lee, who in 1947 became the first employed
executive secretary-treasurer of the Society as well as managing editor of
the publications.
In his obituary in 1978, his former colleague, Morton I. Grossman, said
of him: "Dr. Ivy was known to be a man of much determination and courage.
Physiologists who worked with him closely had a warm friendship with him and
knew him as a man of high ideals and broad vision, with a wide knowledge of
physiology and much wisdom and skill as an executive. In Chicago, he was
particularly vigorous and effective in the defense of the use of animals for
medical research. He worked long and faithfully for the Society and its
publications and for the advancement of physiology.
Selected Publications
1. Anonymous. Andrew C. Ivy. 1893-. Physiologist 17: 11-14, 1974.
2. Dill, D. B. A. C. Ivy - reminiscences. Physiologist 22(5):
21-22, 1979.
3. Fenn, W. O. History of the American Physiological Society: The
Third Quarter Century, 1937-1962. Washington, DC: Am. Physiol. Soc.,
1963, p. 5-7.
4. Grossman, M. I. Andrew Conway Ivy, 1893-1978. Physiologist
21(2): 11-12, 1978.
5. Ward, P. S. "Who will bell the cat?" Andrew C. Ivy and krebiozen.
Bull. Hist. Med. 58: 28-52, 1984.
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